Fuel-saver



C. WOLFF.

FUEL SAVER.

APPLICATION FILED IIIAII. 28. IQII.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

3411111111/ IIIIv al l. i" um UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES WOLFE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0

VVOLFF COAL SAVER COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

FUEL-SAVER. i

Application mea Maren 2s,

T0 all whom t may concern:

citizen of 'the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in F nel-Savers, of which the following is a specification.

his invention relates to a device for use in connection with the draftsystem of a heatingplant or'furnace, and has for its object the provision of mechanism of this character which shall be of improved construction and moreV efficient in operation than similar devices previously known. The invention is eXempliHed in the combination and arrangementk of parts shown in the accompanying drawing and described in the following specification, andit is more' particularly-.pointed out in the appended claim.

Inthe drawing-v Figure l is a longitudinal section of a portion of a Hue or smoke pipe to which the Apresent Vinvention is' applied; and Y Fig. 2'is'a section on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. The numeral 1 designates a' Hue or smoke pipe as used in connection with any well known form of heatingk plants, such as stoves, furnaces and the like. The pipe 1 is provided with a plurality. of openings 2 distributed around the entire periphery of the pipe and located as closely adjacent to the HreboX- as is practical. Although a single series of holes may be used, prefer to provide a plurality of such series, as is shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing. A casing 3 surrounds the Hue 1 and is attachedthereto just below the series of openings 2. The upper end of the casing 3 .is attached to the Hue a considerable distance above the openings 2 as shown at 4 in the figure. The space between the Hue 1' and the casing 3 is .bridged at the lower end by an inwardly bent portion 5 and at theupper end by a similar portion 6. In this way'a closed chamberis formed which surrounds the Hue including the portion having the openings 2 and extending for a considerable distance above these openings. TheV casing wall 3 is provided near its upper v of openings 7 formed by punching portions 8 from the sheet metal, leaving each portion 8 attached at its lower edge and bending it inwardly to form a deHector or baille plate. Within the interior ofthe casing is spesummonv of Letters Patent.

.be noted that end with a series A Patented Aug. 10, 1920. Serial No. 157,870.

a deflector wall 9 securedto the bridge 6 by rivets 10 and having its lower edge 11 extending downwardly to a position spaced a slight distance from the lower bridge A plate 5. The lower portion of the wall 9 is braced and held in position by brackets 12 distributed around the periphery of the device.; Four of such brackets are shown in the embodiment illustrated in the drawing. A deHector plate 13 similar to 9 is located within the plate 9 and is secured at its lower end to the bridge plate 5 and has its upper edge 14 spaced downwardly from the late 6. Brackets 15 hold the upper end of tlie plate 13 in place. By this arrangement it will'be seen that air entering the openings 7 will first strike the plate 9 and will Vtravel downwardly in the space between this plate and the outer wall 3, passing around the lower edge 1l of this wall and thence upwardly between the plates 9 and 13 and over the upper edge of plate 13. The current then moves downwardly between the plate 13 and the'pipe 1 and Hnally enters the Hue through the openings 2. It should the openings 7 are distributed around the entire periphery of the casing 3 and that the openings 2 are also distributed around the entire periphery of the Hue 1, so that the current will be distributed around the entire periphery of the device during its movement up and down between therwall 3 and the Hue 1 and will enter the Hue 1 from all sides thereof.

To regulate the amount of How, a ring 16 is supported by a bracket 17 secured to the wall'3, the ring 16 and bracket 17 being yprovided with openings 18 and 19 respectively arranged to register with the openings 7 in the wall 3. The bracket 17 is Hxed relative to the wall 3, but the ring 16 is freeto slide circumferentially around the scribed, this amount canvbe regulated after sol the :apparatushas` been installedfand' the ring 1G then clamped in place to retain thev parts in proper position.

"A damper- 25k is located within thef'fiue l above the `inlet openings 2 and isi-provided with an operating crank 26 by which its position in the flue may be changed. The

supporting rods 27 are journaled in sleeves j 28 secured tothesides of the flue and to the wall 3. ,A check draft opening 29 is preferably located in the flue above the gchamber formedby the casing 3, a'gcover 30 being provided for closing when desired. l i. Y Y

i When the'device is installed, it is preferably connectedA with the iiue as near the `iirebo); as the' conditions will-permit, and after it is-in fwhich air is place the openings through admitted into the chamber withinthe casing 3,-are adjusted inthemanner described, while fthe fire is burning. lt

has -been found by experience, that the size vof the openings 7 necessary 'tosecure the best results depends `upon-a number of features and that where a flue -is constructed to produce astrong draft, these openingsrwill have to '-be greater than where -a 'weaker For, this reason'it 'is dedraft is provided.- sirable to adjust the -size yof these openings after the apparatus is installed in 'each vCase the adjustment being made while rthe Afire is burning, the regulation -being suchthat the `-fire boXfwill- 'show 'theabsenc'e of excessive draftsy and yet will be lfilled with quiet flame..

'1,.Either Ytoo Vgreat or tooV small an amount of opening"is'detrnnental jto the best results,

and tit is comparatively leasy Vineach in;7 stance to vfind thee-Xacti position of theslide '16 which will produce Ythe best results.

When the apparatus yhas been properly adjusted, and clamped in place, the decreased pressure ywithin the flue l Vdueto the Vrise of 'heated v gases within the aine, will causeiair to `be drawn in through the openings 7 along'the I4toituo'us course E'previously described and through the openings 2 into ther'flue. `The space 1withinithe casing Vforms a pre-*heatingchainber in which the air Y siderable 'period of time is heated before it is admitted to the lflue. The tortuous course provided for ythe passage of this air affords a large amount of `heating surface and also retains the air within the preheating-f'chamber-for a rconbefore it 'is permitted to enter the |flue, so that abundant opportunity is. provided for raising the vtemperature ofthe-air before it is permitted tomingle with the `gases arising from the Lcombustion chamber. f

It is somewhat difficult 4to ascertain 'all of 'theeffects produced fby lthe 'admission of preheated air through the openings .2 Vin the manner described, but there are `at least two results which are apparent. @ne of these `is the supply of additional Yoxygen to combustion chamber for the the Opening through 'the openings cushion or retainer contact' 'with -thes'urfaces 'designed to 'heated thereby,

-cal "damper-25 may wa-y forregulating i sirable tofdo so forl the partially burned gases arising from the purpose of producing ,more complete combustion.Y The position of the damper 25 above'the openings?, assists in the retention of the preheated air and the arising gases within the flue, and accomplishes to some extent at least,

the return of these gases to the combustion chamber where more complete combustion Atakes place.. Another effect and one which is probably of greater importance, is the regulation produced by Ythe in-flowing air Q, of the vdraft o r' cur- -rent Yflowing upwardly 'fin the iiue l. Y

In ypractical operation, 'it may be seen 'by observing the lire within the iirebox Ythat when the :proper regulation of the 'openings ,7 is .securedffthe current of Lair vadmitted through the preheating 4chamber racts as a for' `holding the gases within the iirebox'until combustion is' conipleted and until `these gases have transmitted their' heat-t0 the boiler or lto Vwhatever imedium the furnace 4is designed for heating. Under such conditions the firebox shows a andtheiliue temperature Jis =many degrees lower than-exists under the same "conditions wherethe invention -is not applied.y 'The lregulation lof the "draft lis much more effec-- tive than it is possible to attain rby 'niechanical Ydampcers, ias has been shown zby repeated lbeen once adjusted for that plant. lf the draft inthe fluefor any reason increases,

a greater 'amountjoi air will ibe drawn ini through lthe preheating chamber 'and thus the dampingieffect of the incoming current f will -be increased to'resist the 1 greater draft.

if, ontheiotherzhand, the draftfin the flue for any reason-decreases,the amount of currentthrough 'the preheating chamber lwill `decrease and 'thefgases from the firebox will @have Va comparatively free passage through 'fthe-flue; In'this'avay'an automatic balance fis obtained jand -a uniform A`-toofether 4with the retention of fire 'is insured, the gases in be 'until' 'their heat has been transferred 'to these'surfaces. The mechanibe ais'ed in the -Vordinary the,v draft 'when it is de- Vthe. ;purpose vof Aregulating the amountof heat Aproduced `inthefurnace. This damper being -located above vthe openings 2 alsocoperates with the preheating chamber'tofhold the fresh fair inconymass-of-quiet"flame freefrom rushing drafts A-One f'reason for the advanf tact with the products of combustion and sitions, a damper Within said Hue aboveV said openings for admitting air to said iiue,

said damper being operable to regulate the size of the passage through said ue independently of the regulation of the openings for admitting air into said preheating chamber, and a plurality of baiile Walls Within said preheating chamber arranged with the opposite ends of alternating Walls spaced from the ends of said chamber so that air entering said chamber must pass substantially the' entire length thereof a plurality of times before entering said flue,

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification on this 23rd day of March A. D. 1917.

CHARLES WOLFF. 

